A study from Aalto University warns that climate change threatens up to one-third of global food production, especially in low-latitude regions, with significant risks to key crops. While some mid- and high-latitude regions may adapt better, global cooperation is vital to mitigate food insecurity caused by these shifts.
A recent study published in Nature Food indicates that climate change poses a significant threat to global food production, potentially impacting one-third of it. Researchers from Aalto University, Finland, assessed how future temperature, precipitation, and aridity changes influence growing conditions for 30 essential food crops. Key staples, such as rice and wheat, which provide more than two-thirds of the global food energy, are likely to face reduced land availability due to rising temperatures.
The research highlights that low-latitude regions will experience the most severe impacts compared to mid- and high-latitude areas, with crop production potentially at risk for up to 50% in these zones. This unfavorable climate could lead to diminished crop diversity, exacerbating food security concerns. Sara Heikonen, the study’s lead doctoral researcher, emphasized the implications of losing crop diversity, stating, “That would reduce food security and make it more difficult to get adequate calories and protein.”
Particularly vulnerable crops include tropical root crops and pulse varieties, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where nearly three-quarters of current production may be jeopardized if temperature increases exceed 3°C. In contrast, mid- and high-latitude regions might see an increase in productive land and crop diversity, potentially introducing new crops such as pears in northern territories.
Matti Kummu, a senior author of the study, warned that while warmer conditions may initially benefit some regions, climate change could also introduce unprecedented pests and extreme weather, complicating agricultural practices. Heikonen noted the importance of combined efforts: “If we want to secure our food system in the future, we need to both mitigate climate change and adapt to its effects.”
The research suggests that the interconnected global food system means changes in equatorial regions will have worldwide consequences. The call to action is clear: global cooperation is needed to tackle these climate-related agricultural challenges.
The study underscores the urgent need for action against climate change to protect global food security. Low-latitude regions are likely to suffer the most, with significant threats to crop diversity and production. Conversely, mid- and high-latitude areas may see some benefits, though they will also face challenges from climate impacts. Collaborative efforts in mitigation and adaptation are essential to ensure a stable food system moving forward.
Original Source: www.aa.com.tr
