An oral antiviral drug, Obildesivir, has been shown to completely protect monkeys from the Ebola virus, presenting a transformative approach to treatment. Current treatments face logistical challenges, emphasizing the need for accessible oral options. This research indicates promising results for post-exposure prevention and aims to enhance understanding of immune responses.
Recent research reveals that an oral antiviral drug, Obildesivir (ODV), effectively prevented death in monkeys infected with the Ebola virus, marking a significant advancement that could mitigate future outbreaks. Ebola poses a severe threat to humans and primates, with mortality rates surging up to 90%. Past outbreaks, such as those in West Africa (2013-2016) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2018-2020), resulted in thousands of fatalities among infected individuals.
Existing antibody treatments demonstrate efficacy; however, their storage and transport challenges—namely refrigeration—hinder rapid deployment during outbreaks. The demand for accessible oral tablet treatments is high, particularly in resource-limited areas. Scientists highlighted that “oral antiviral drugs offer several advantages over injectable treatments, including ease of supply, storage, distribution, and administration.”
Obildesivir has shown broad efficacy against RNA viruses, particularly filoviruses, when administered promptly post-exposure. Earlier trials involved intramuscular injections that complicated effectiveness assessments due to rapid disease progression. In the latest study published in Science Advances, Obildesivir provided absolute protection (100%) for rhesus monkeys exposed to the virulent Macuna Ebola strain via mucosal membranes.
In this controlled experiment, five rhesus monkeys and five macaques received daily doses of Obildesivir for ten days, starting 24 hours after the initial virus exposure. The findings indicated 100% survival in rhesus monkeys and an 80% survival rate in macaques. Slower disease progression facilitated a deeper exploration of the drug’s action mechanism, revealing heightened T-cell activation and improved anti-inflammatory responses in treated monkeys.
The results carry significant implications, suggesting that Obildesivir could be an effective post-exposure preventive treatment for Ebola in oral form. The scientists concluded: “These results suggest that Obildesivir treatment offers an opportunity to develop adaptive immunity while reducing excessive inflammation, which may prevent lethal outcomes.” Further research aims to clarify the impacts of late-stage Obildesivir treatment on immune responses.
The study of Obildesivir demonstrates a promising avenue for oral treatments against the Ebola virus, showcasing significant protection in animal models. With its advantages over traditional treatments and potential for rapid deployment, such oral antivirals can substantially impact global health responses to Ebola outbreaks. Continued research is essential to refine the drug’s applications and enhance understanding of its effects on the immune system.
Original Source: www.jordannews.jo
