Rwanda and Belgium cut diplomatic ties amid escalating tensions due to Rwanda-backed M23 rebels’ actions in the DRC. The EU has sanctioned Rwandan military leaders and the rebel group as part of a response to violations of international humanitarian law. Belgium aligns with the DRC, while Rwanda accuses Belgium of hostility and manipulation. This situation poses significant implications for regional stability and resource management.
On March 17, 2025, Rwanda and Belgium severed their diplomatic ties following the European Union’s agreement on sanctions targeting Rwandan military leaders and the M23 rebel group in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The recent escalation unfolded as Rwanda-backed rebels advanced into resource-rich eastern DRC, capturing cities like Goma and Bukavu and displacing thousands, with reports of 7,000 fatalities in the ongoing conflict.
The EU’s sanctions list, approved during a foreign affairs ministers’ meeting in Brussels, focuses on commanding figures in the Rwandan Defense Force and the M23, along with a refinery linked to illegal exploitation of DRC’s resources. This decision precedes anticipated peace talks between the DRC and the M23 in Angola, set to commence the following day.
An EU diplomat emphasized that the sanctions are not an attempt to vilify Rwanda but a necessary response to breaches of international humanitarian law. In parallel, Rwanda’s Foreign Affairs Ministry announced the severing of ties with Belgium, asserting that Belgium had aligned with the DRC and propagated negative sentiments towards Rwanda through deceptive means.
Belgium responded reciprocally, with Foreign Affairs Minister Maxime Prévot labeling Rwanda’s reaction as disproportionate. He noted that Rwanda’s dismissal of diplomatic engagement indicates a refusal to communicate when disagreements arise. As the EU expressed concerns over the Rwandan military’s involvement in DRC, it faced criticism for its past agreement that allegedly facilitated conflict through the smuggling of conflict minerals.
The EU’s sanctions are described as an initial measure, with calls for further action. Though the critical raw materials agreement with Rwanda is currently under review, the Commission’s next steps remain uncertain. Belgium had previously suspended a bilateral cooperation program with Rwanda, accusing the latter of undermining its access to development aid amid the escalating tensions.
The severance of diplomatic relations between Rwanda and Belgium highlights the escalating tensions following Rwanda-backed rebels’ advancements in DRC. The EU’s sanctions mark a pivotal response aimed at addressing violations of international law, while ongoing hostilities raise concerns about regional stability and resource exploitation. Both countries have demonstrated a readiness to withdraw from engagement amid rising accusations, leaving future diplomatic relations in jeopardy.
Original Source: www.politico.eu
