Bangladesh’s political changes have led to improved relations with Pakistan, including direct trade and military contacts, stirring concern in India. Historical grievances from the 1971 independence war complicate the relationship, leading experts to suggest careful navigation is needed for future stability. Upcoming diplomatic discussions will likely address trade and security challenges while regional dynamics remain fragile.
Recent political upheavals in Bangladesh have led to a warming of relations with Pakistan, a former adversary. Following Sheikh Hasina’s ousting, Bangladesh imported 50,000 tonnes of rice from Pakistan, marking the resumption of direct trade after decades. Additionally, renewed military contacts, direct flights, and simplified visa procedures indicate a budding partnership between the two nations.
Historically fraught ties stem from Bangladesh’s 1971 independence struggle against Pakistan, which India supported. Though cordial ties existed between 2001 and 2006, the relationship soured during Hasina’s tenure, aligned closely with India. However, her recent departure has reignited connections. Former diplomat Humayun Kabir noted a shift towards normalcy, as relations begin to resemble those of “two normal neighbours.”
India, concerned about these developments, has observed a cooling of its ties with Bangladesh since Hasina fled. India has not acted on Bangladesh’s requests to extradite Hasina over multiple charges, further complicating relations. Experts suggest the current Bangladesh-Pakistan ties might be a strategic maneuver against India’s dominance, as Ayesha Siddiqa remarked on the tactical nature of their relationship.
Recent meetings between Muhammad Yunus, interim leader of Bangladesh, and Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif at various forums demonstrate the rekindled diplomatic engagement. The military connection has also strengthened, highlighted by a Bangladeshi delegation’s rare visit to Pakistan and joint naval exercises, raising security alarms in India as stated by Veena Sikri, who noted a distinct resemblance to past issues of insurgent activity supported by Bangladesh.
Doubts persist regarding the extent of military cooperation, as allegations regarding ISI involvement in Bangladesh have been dismissed by both nations’ authorities. Despite varying political agendas, analysts highlight that Bangladesh cannot afford complete antagonism towards India due to its economic and cultural ties, while some argue that normalization with Pakistan hinges upon addressing historical grievances from the 1971 conflict.
Demands for a formal apology from Pakistan for wartime atrocities remain unheeded, with both Kabir and former military officer Ikram Sehgal acknowledging this barrier. However, economists like Sabrin Beg propose focusing on enhancing bilateral trade, currently averaging less than $700 million, suggesting that trade relations could improve overall ties.
Future discussions, such as the upcoming visit of Pakistani foreign minister Ishaq Dar, will be crucial. With Bangladesh’s general elections approaching, potential shifts in foreign policy should be anticipated. For India, fostering a stable relationship with Bangladesh is paramount to maintaining regional stability.
The thawing relations between Bangladesh and Pakistan mark a significant shift in regional dynamics, reflecting complex historical tensions and modern geopolitical strategies. As economic ties are rekindled, India remains cautious, aware that a friendly Bangladesh is essential for its own regional security. The coming months, especially with impending elections in Bangladesh, will be pivotal in determining the future of these relations.
Original Source: www.bbc.com
