Liberia’s formation resulted from efforts to resettle formerly enslaved Black Americans, led by the American Colonization Society (ACS) in 1816. Approximately 15,000 freed individuals founded a nation mirroring American values amidst initial conflicts with indigenous groups. The Coleman family’s legacy illustrates the trials overcome, emphasizing the significance of their heritage and relationships between Liberia and the U.S.
The establishment of Liberia was influenced by the desire to resettle formerly enslaved Black Americans. Following the American Civil War, many freed individuals faced societal segregation, leading to the formation of the American Colonization Society (ACS) in 1816. This organization aimed to repatriate free Black people to Africa, believing their presence in the U.S. could incite rebellion among enslaved populations. “They aimed to form a colony in Africa and to have free Blacks who chose to go to leave and go to Liberia,” noted historian C. Patrick Burrowes.
The ACS purchased land in Africa, naming it Liberia—”the land of the free.” Monrovia, its capital, is named after President James Monroe. Approximately 15,000 Black Americans settled in Liberia, where they endeavored to establish a society reflective of their American experiences amidst challenges from indigenous populations.
Among those settlers was William D. Coleman, who escaped from a plantation due to a will granting freedom to him and his family, conditional upon their emigration. In 1853, Coleman and his family traveled to Liberia, where they found life difficult yet liberating compared to slavery. “Life was rough because you’re coming into a place that’s new,” said Burrowes, yet their effort to create a new life was a step toward self-determination.
ABC News explored the area known as “Kentucky in Africa” to document the historical influences of American architecture and culture. Martin Coleman remarked on the significance of their heritage: “From the time they came in, they started fashioning things after the U.S., the flag, everything.” In 1847, Liberia declared independence, with William D. Coleman eventually becoming its 13th president.
The Colemans continued their legacy through resilience, notably during the Liberian Civil War when some returned to America for safety. James Coleman reflected, “I don’t think anybody ever planned to come back…it’s a full cycle,” illustrating the enduring connections between America and Liberia.
The Coleman family has since organized reunions, with attendance growing to include 300 members from multiple generations and locations. Their aim is to preserve their history and identity. Genevieve Coleman-Garnett emphasized this responsibility: “We wanted them to know who they were and where they came from.”
The descendants of William D. Coleman further dedicate themselves to their ancestral legacy by contributing to the rebuilding of Liberia. “Life is better here than it is over there,” said James Coleman, emphasizing the importance of remembering their roots while enhancing their homeland’s situation.
The creation of Liberia stemmed from the collective efforts to resettle formerly enslaved Black Americans, driven by segregation and the ACS’s vision. The settlement of 15,000 freed individuals faced challenges but led to the establishment of an independent nation. The Coleman family’s journey encapsulates the struggle for freedom, identity, and connection across generations, reinforcing the importance of maintaining ties between America and Liberia. Their ongoing dedication to their heritage highlights the continued relevance of this historical narrative in contemporary discussions about identity and support for Liberia.
Original Source: abcnews.go.com
