President Cyril Ramaphosa’s 2019 initiative on the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) seeks to integrate advanced technologies into South Africa’s economy. While progress includes establishing AI institutes and digital training, disparities persist between perceptions of technology among wealthy and marginalized groups. The challenge lies in addressing inequalities in digital access and job security, with policies favoring inclusivity and broad participation necessary for shared economic benefits and growth.
In 2019, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa announced a commission to address the fourth industrial revolution (4IR), which integrates advanced digital technologies such as AI and automation into economic and social sectors. Unlike past industrial revolutions focused on mechanical and electronic advancements, the 4IR uniquely blends physical, digital, and biological systems to transform industries and societies. Although Ramaphosa noted potential job losses, he emphasized the opportunity to foster inclusive and shared growth in South Africa.
Six years post-announcement, the commission’s efforts include creating the National Artificial Intelligence Institute and AI hubs in key areas like healthcare and mining. However, public perception of the 4IR diverges significantly based on socioeconomic status. Wealthy individuals often view technological advancements positively, while marginalized communities express concerns about job displacement and exclusion driven by historical and cultural apprehensions about technology’s role in society.
Research shows that wealthier South Africans, particularly those from urban backgrounds, are more optimistic about the potential of automation and AI. In contrast, lower-income and rural populations exhibit higher levels of skepticism. Racial disparities also surface, with White South Africans feeling more comfortable with technological changes than their Black counterparts. These insights can guide policymakers to foster an inclusive technological landscape amidst existing inequalities.
The study utilized data from the South African Social Attitudes Survey, which examined perceptions of automation, job security, and technology access among 2,736 adults. The data illustrated that 56% of respondents feared job losses due to technological advancements. Moreover, 63% of unemployed individuals felt threatened by automation compared to 41% of those employed, indicating that unemployment directly influences perceptions about the 4IR and its economic implications. In terms of internet access, only 29% of rural respondents reported regular connectivity versus 74% in urban areas, highlighting disparities in digital access.
To address these inequalities, the South African government must implement cohesive and inclusive digital strategies. Although it has initiated programs to subsidize internet costs and expand broadband access, efforts remain fragmented and insufficient to truly foster equity. Engaging marginalized groups in policymaking ensures they can participate in the digital economy, thus building trust in technology’s role in their lives.
Current initiatives, like the National Digital and Future Skills strategy, aim to equip citizens with digital competencies, while township-based innovation hubs support local entrepreneurs. Collaborative efforts between government and industries can play a vital role in developing a skilled workforce to adapt to evolving job market demands. For example, Singapore’s Skills Future initiative provides resources for citizens to develop related skills, representing effective synergy in addressing workforce challenges.
The transformative potential of the 4IR in South Africa hinges on equitable benefit distribution among all citizens. The focus must shift from consolidating wealth to fostering inclusivity, thereby creating broader societal advantages for all stakeholders involved in technological advancements.
The fourth industrial revolution presents both opportunities and challenges for South Africa. While technological integration holds the promise for economic growth, significant inequalities exist in access, perceptions, and preparedness among different socioeconomic groups. Inclusive policies, digital skills training, and targeted support for marginalized communities are critical for ensuring that the benefits of the 4IR are equitably shared. By fostering an environment conducive to broad participation, South Africa can harness technology as a means for collective progress rather than division.
Original Source: techfinancials.co.za
